REFERENCES

American Kennel Club, "New Cropping/Docking Position Statement." PAGE 10 http://www.akc.org/pdfs/canine_legislation/PBLEG2.pdf

American Kennel Club, The Complete Dog Book, Official Publication of the American Kennel Club.

"AVMA Adopts Position on Ear Cropping and Tail Docking," Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, Vol 215, No 4, August 15, 1999.

AVMA, "Positions on Cropping and Docking,"

http://www.avma.org/issues/policy/animal_welfare/tail_docking.asp

Britain, Lerae, "Let's Break A Tradition," Dog World, January 1983.

Broughton, Amy L., "Cropping and Docking: A Discussion of the Controversy and the Role of Law in Preventing Unecessary Cosmetic Surgery on Dogs," Michigan State University - Detroit College of Law, 2003 (AnimalLaw.info Web site).

Coile, D. Caroline, PhD., "The Long and The Short of Cropping and Docking," Dog World, March 2000.

European Convention for the Protection of Pet Animals, The Council of Europe, European Treaty No. 125, adopted November 13, 1987. http://conventions.coe.int/treaty/Pets and Animals

Lehman, Patricia F. - PFL Publications
The Miniature Pinscher KING OF TOYS
2508 Teal Road
Wilmington, Delaware 19805
dogbookauthor@aol.com

Martin, Bobi, "To Crop or Not To Crop," Dog World, November, 1996.

Petitenget, Jl,
"Practice of Dogs Ear cropping," DoggiesParadise.com

Palmer, K, Dog Facts, Barnes & Noble, Inc., 1996. Produced by Quantum Books, London.

Thomas, Dennis W., DVM, "An Earful of Auditory Advice," Dog World, November 1996.

Downloadable Book Excerpts and Articles:

Dog Owner's Encyclopedia of Veterinary Medicine by Allan H. Hart, B.V.S., TFH Publications/Crown Publishers, Inc., 1971, pp. 76-79

Elmore, R.G. , DVM,"Vets loath to clip pups' heads or tails," "Tidbits of Coachalla Valley" Copley News Service

Quotable Quotes:

• "Some breeds are 'traditionally docked,' which means that part of the puppy's tail is cut off during the first few days of its life. This is done to suit a fashion and not for any purpose as dogs rarely injure intact tails even if they are working (breeders of docked breeds will often be adamant that they will damage their tails if left whole as a way to justify their actions). Whole tails are preferable as they enable the dog to signal its intentions and mood more easily. If you want a puppy from a docked breed with an intact tail, ask your breeder to reserve one for you. Look elsewhere if they refuse.
  
  In some countries, docking tails is illegal (Australia, Belgium, Finland, Germany, Iceland, Sweden, Switzerland) or can only be carried out by a veterinary surgeon for therapeuic reasons." Bailey, Gwen, Choosing The Right Dog For You, Octopus Publishing Company 2004--p. 22

• "Do you have strong opinions about how animals should be treated? Most of us do, so find out what your veterinarian thinks. Let me give you an example. I will not crop ears or dock tails. I find it reprehensible, and I use such a strong term intentionally. I will not carry out surgical amputations so that a dog conforms to the traditional standards of the breed --- standards no longer necessary when a dog is kept as a pet, rather than fighting or hunting." Fogle, Bruce, DVM, "Ethics and Veterinary Care," Natural Dog Care, Dorling Kindersley, 2000--p. 258

• "In America, several breed specifications call for a docked tail and/or cropped ears. In the eighteenth century, docking a dog's tail was thought to prevent rabies, and more recently, bob-tailed dogs were considered working dogs and weren't taxed. Ears were cut close to the head to keep them from being torn during work or by adversaries.
  
  Cropping is an expensive, painful procedure performed on nine to twelve-week-old puppies. While under anesthesia, the dog's ear leather is surgically cut and shaped so the ears stand erect. Ears are bandaged and stretched with "splints" that mold the ear to the cosmetically approved shape. Even when the wounds are healed, the process of rebandaging and splinting may take up to six months, and is not always successful. Tail docking is typically performed without anesthesia when puppies are three to five days old; depending on the breed, some ore most of the tail is chopped off with scissors, thereby 'cutting off' much of the canine 'tail semaphore' communication.
  
  Today, controversy rages over whether such cosmetic surgery is valid. Erect ears are prone to fewer infections, and docked tails may prevent potential damage to working and hunting canines; however, in most cases, conformity to tradition is the true motivation for the alterations. Show dogs have little chance of success unless they have been trimmed and docked according to accepted standards. Until breed clubs alter their standards and forbid the practice of cropping and docking, this outmoded and cruel custom will continue. Shojai, Amy "Cropping and Docking," The Dog Companion, Mallard Press, 1992--pp. 258-259